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[…] able or willing to diagnose, prescribe for, prevent or treat any human disease, ailment, deformity, defect or injury, or to perform an operation to remedy a human disease, ailment, deformity, defect or injury, or to examine or advise on the physical or mental condition of a person; (b) diagnoses, or offers to diagnose, a human disease, ailment, deformity, defect or injury, or who examines or advises...
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[…] Why is Critical Appraisal of Studies Important? •Recommendations and decisions are made based on studies (evidence informed) •These decisions often have huge far reaching implications –Unintended consequences for patients and staff –Costs and resources – finite amount available –Reallocation of resources away from something important to something not so important In the IPAC Wo r l d Recommendation = knowledge of organism, process or outcome + weak/moderate design study + case report + outbreak report + opinion Joanne Archer presentation at PICNet 2018 Educational Conference 2 Example: PICNet ARO Guidelines 1,672 citations found by CADTH 388 citations found by CRNBC Health Librarians 155 studies used Strength of Study Design •RCT (randomized controlled study) •CCT (controlled clinical trial) = controlled before‐after = lab experiment •Meta‐analysis (depending upon strength of studies pooled) •Cohort •Case‐control •Interrupted time series with adequate baseline •Cohort with non equivalent comparison group •Uncontrolled before‐after •Interrupted time series with inadequate baseline •Descriptive (cross‐sectional > ecological) Strength of study design PHAC...
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[…] the biofilm, the metabolic state of cells due to microenvironmental conditions have all been identified as playing a role in biofilm resistance to antimicrobial agents . In the clinical settings, biofilms promote infection through, for example, the persistence of bacteria on medical devices and thus can act as reservoir for pathogens . It has been estimated that 65% of nosocomial infections directly involve biofilms . Of all...
Type: Media
[…] a boundary of an aerodynamic diameter of 5 µm ,3,4 consistent with the World Health Organization. 5 ASTM rated medical masks ( levels 1 -3), whi ch are used for droplet and contact precautions, are tested against 0.1 -3 micron sized particles with filtration efficiency of 95 -98% respectively (ASTM F2101 -19 6, ASTM 2299 7) and these results have been shown elsewhere. 8 Therefore, for the...
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[…] target was achievable 6. The data presented in this report have several limitations. Although direct observation of healthcare providers is widely accepted and used for monitoring hand cleaning compliance, various techniques can be employed. For example, the auditing might be performed by auditors who work in the same unit or small facility as the healthcare providers they are observing (self -auditing); conversely, it might be performed...
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[…] 1:83 Studies limited by small samples sizes Likely not representative of the >4,000 acute care hospitals in the U.S. How does IP staffing influence patient outcomes? 8 For consideration… How much is enough? How many IPs do I need for a comprehensive and effective infection prevention and control program? Must define "comprehensive" and "effective" Deliverables of the program Prospective prevention or retrospective insight 9...
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[…] In addition, LTC facilities perform under a numb er of business models: from direct funding from the Health Authorities to private payer. The effects of these differences on the delivery of IPC have not been examined. The first step in ensuring that we are provid ing safe, high quality care to all British Columbian (BC) LTC residents is to gain a clear understanding of the d ifferences...
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[…] probes, especially those used for vaginal scans 5. A recent study tested the susceptibility of HPV to commonly used clinical disinfectants including ethanol, isopropanol, glutaraldehyde, ortho‐ phthalaldehyde, phenols, peracetic acid‐silver (PAA‐silver) and hypochlorite 6. The results of the study indicated that only oxidizing chemistries such as hypochlorite and 1.2% PAA‐silver‐based disinfectant were able to produce >99.99% reduction in infectivity of HPV. All other disinfectants showed slight or no reduction in infectivity. The main concern arising from this study is the conclusion that HPV is resistant to most high‐level disinfectants. At this time, the best recommendation that can be made is employing an oxidizing‐based high‐level disinfectant with label claims for non‐enveloped viruses. Other considerations such as instrument compatibility with the disinfectant, as well as employee health and safety, should be included in product selection. Immersion of probes in fluids requires attention to the individual device's ability to be submerged. Although some scan heads, as well as large portions of the cable, may safely be immersed up to the connector to the ultrasound scanner, only the scan heads of other models may be submerged. Before selecting a method of disinfection, consult the instrument manufacturer regarding the compatibility of the to‐be‐used agent with the probes. The ultrasound transducer handle may also be a reservoir for microbial contaminants and a potential source of cross‐infection. In some instances, patients come into direct contact with handles or indirect contact may occur via the healthcare provider’s hands or probe cover. It is also recommended that probe handles should be disinfected according to the manufacture’s recommendations 7,8 . Environment Cleaning and Disinfection A recent study sampled trans‐abdominal and trans‐vaginal transducer cords, keyboards and gel 9. Skin and environmental organisms were isolated along with the opportunistic pathogens. The study recommended a review of current guidelines to include keyboard and cord disinfection and gel handling. Other areas, such as the examination bed and rails, door handles and benchtop surfaces, may also act as sources of cross‐infection. Infection prevention and control measures should include hand hygiene prior to and following every examination. Exam tables, rails and keyboards should be disinfected after each patient. Probe holders, cords and gel bottles should be cleaned and disinfected at the start and end of each day. Gel bottles should never be "topped‐up". Empty bottles should be cleaned and disinfected prior to refilling. The ultrasound machine should be cleaned at least once a week. Page 3 of 3 Conclusion Adequate probe reprocessing and procedure set up is essential. The level of preparation depends on the type of examination performed. Routine high‐level disinfection of internal probes between patients is mandatory, plus the use of a high‐quality single‐use probe cover to avoid gross contamination during the examination. Given the recent evidence that HPV may not be sensitive to the commonly employed high‐level disinfectants, it seems prudent to employ disinfectants that use oxidizing chemistries. The manufacturer’s recommendations should be followed in order to avoid damaging the probes. Other basic infection prevention and control measures, including hand hygiene and environmental cleaning and disinfection, are also essential to prevent the transmission of pathogens in medical ultrasound. References ...
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[…] WSIS Lucina Project (2017) 300 women enrolled 5-7 days antibiotics was routinely administered to ALL women following CS Kiambu Hospital Equivalent surgical credentials, patient demographics, indications for operation, and anesthesia, and skin preparation Surgical sites examined by surveyor Days 3, with clinical or cell phone contact follow up at 14 and 30 days 300 women enrolled Single shot prophylaxis antibiotic given ½ - 2 hours pre-incision. Thika...
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[…] air quality and ventilation are important to decrease the risk of aerosol transmission. See IPC ventilation resources for more information. ** Note :HCWs mustonlywear therespirator (i.e ., N -95) that they have been currently fit- tested forand must perform a seal check priortouse .Other equivalent respirators, suchaselastomeric half-face respirators (EHFRsiffit -tested) and powered airpurifying respirators (PAPRs),mayalsobeused ifstaff have been provided trainingontheir appropriate use and iforganizational proceduresrelatedtotheir...
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[…] ideas • Online education modules • Teleclasses and webinars • Tell us what you're doing! We'd love to hear what plans you have...
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[…] and games, on the PICNet website - and we will be posting more soon! Immunizations for Healthcare Workers Flu shot season is almost here...
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[…] and managers. PICNet Annual Report The latest PICNet Annual Report (fiscal year 2013 -2014) is now available for download from our website. Tha nks again to all our committee members and Community of Practice for helping to make the past year so productive. CA -MRSA Resources BCCDC, in collaboration with the Do Bugs Need Drugs? program and PICNet, has created some new web pages...
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Page 1 of 3 June 2013 BC Immunization Schedule Immunizations, also known as vaccinations, are important for people of all ages. They help your immune system recognize and quickly kill bacteria and viruses that can cause serious illness or death. Some immunizations are given in a single shot or oral dose, while others require several doses over a period of time. In B.C., immunizations ar e given by public...
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[…] and managers. PICNet Annual Report The latest PICNet Annual Report (fiscal year 2013 -2014) is now available for download from our website. Tha nks again to all our committee members and Community of Practice for helping to make the past year so productive. CA -MRSA Resources BCCDC, in collaboration with the Do Bugs Need Drugs? program and PICNet, has created some new web pages...
Type: Media
[…] costs in assessing economic impact • Appreciate the financial impact of healthcare acquired infections • Be able to describe the key components in a business case The class takes place at 10:30 am PST; be sure to call in a few minutes early to ensure your place in the call. Our conference line is limited to 30 callers, so we request that participants from the same...
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[…] is really one nasty bacteria that can get you sick in all kinds of ways: your bloodstream, your lungs, your bones, your joints …. heck…… even your doggone skin! Young’ens can get a vaccination to help ‘em doge this critter. Streptococcus Pneumoniae (Pneumococcus ) This meany most often makes you get pneumonia or ear infections or even meningitis, especially in the real young‘uns or very old’uns. Now...
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[…] really one nasty bacteria that can get you sick i n all kinds of ways: your bloodstream, your lungs, your bones, your joints …. heck…… even your doggone skin! Young’ens can get a vaccination to help ‘em do d ge this critter. Streptococcus Pneumoniae (Pneumococcus ) This meany most often makes you get pneumonia or ear infections or even meningitis, especially in the real young‘uns or very...
Type: Media